Adenosine (C10H13N5O4): structure, properties and hazards

Names and identifiers

IUPAC name: (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol
Synonyms: Ado, adenine riboside, Adenocard
+ 37 more
Adenoscan, Adenine riboside, Nucleocardyl, beta-D-Adenosine, Boniton, Sandesin, Myocol, Adenosin, beta-Adenosine, Adenine nucleoside, 9-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6-amine, Adenocor, 9-beta-D-Ribofuranosyladenine, USAF CB-10, 9-beta-D-Ribofuranosidoadenine, 9beta-D-Ribofuranosyladenine, 6-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine, Ade-Rib, SR 96225, 6-Amino-9beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine, DTXSID1022558, (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol, Adenin riboside, CHEBI:16335, SR-96225, K72T3FS567, NSC-7652, DTXCID902558, NSC7652, NSC627048, Primerose Snail, Anti aging, CellExosome ST, Anti aging ample, Applicell Miracle, Stem Cell Renew, Limulus Nourishing
Molecular formula: C₁₀H₁₃N₅O₄
Empirical formula: C₁₀H₁₃N₅O₄
Molecular weight: 267.24 g/mol
Exact mass: 267.09675
CAS number: 58-61-7
PubChem CID: 60961
Canonical SMILES: C1=NC(=C2C(=N1)N(C=N2)C3C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)N
Isomeric SMILES: C1=NC(=C2C(=N1)N(C=N2)[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)CO)O)O)N
InChI: InChI=1S/C10H13N5O4/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(18)6(17)4(1-16)19-10/h2-4,6-7,10,16-18H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
InChIKey: OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N
Molfile

Names, InChI and the identifiers from PubChem, retrieved 2026-10-14.

Physical properties

Appearance: White crystalline powder[1]
Odor: Odorless[1]
Solubility in water: Water solubility increases by warming and lowering the pH[1]
log P: log Kow = -1.05[1]

Each value as its source reports it, with the source's number after it (listed under References). Where several sources report a property, the row shows the value most of them agree on, the rule the app uses; open the values to see every one.

Calculated

Heavy atoms: 19
Rings: 3
Aromatic rings: 2
Fraction sp³ carbons (Fsp3): 0.5
H-bond donors: 4
H-bond acceptors: 8
Rotatable bonds: 2
TPSA (Å²): 139.5 computed here · PubChem 140
Formal charge: 0
XLogP3: -1.1 PubChem
Complexity: 335 PubChem
Stereocenters: 4 definedCIP: C3: R · C5: R · C16: R · C18: S
Double-bond geometry: None specified
Point group: C1 of one 3D conformer with its hydrogens, by Athanor’s engine (as in the app)

Elemental analysis

C44.94%
H4.90%
N26.21%
O23.95%

Isotope pattern

Each peak is a nominal mass with its abundance-weighted exact mass, as a percentage of the tallest, from IUPAC natural isotope abundances.

Computed from the structure with RDKit 2026.09 when this page was built, beside PubChem's own computed values from its record; where the two differ, both are shown.

Predicted

log P: -1.98 Crippen (Wildman and Crippen 1999)
log S (water solubility): -0.47 ESOL (Delaney 2004), log mol/L
Synthetic accessibility: 3.53 SA score, 1 easy to 10 hard (Ertl and Schuffenhauer 2009)

Drug-likeness: Lipinski’s rule of five

Molecular weight ≤ 500: 267.25
log P ≤ 5 (Crippen): -1.98
H-bond donors ≤ 5: 4
H-bond acceptors ≤ 10: 8

Passes all four rules.

¹³C NMR shifts, predicted

Predictions, not measurements; each names its method. A measured log P, where a source reports one, is under Physical properties.

Safety

Warning

Most widely reported: 155 company reports to ECHA. Source [2].

Harmful or irritant

H315Causes skin irritation (21.9% of reports)
H319Causes serious eye irritation (21.9% of reports)

Precautionary statements: P264, P264+P265, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364

View all classifications (2)

[2] European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 77.4% (120 of 155) of all reports.
[2] European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) · 155 reports · WarningH315, H319

Safety data sheets on the supplier’s page: eNovation Chemicals, Alfa Chemistry, Sigma-Aldrich.

Always read the supplier’s safety data sheet before working with it.

Spectra

Experimental spectra held by these sources; each link opens the source's own record.

Literature

Reading PubChem, OpenAlex and GSRS…

Bioactivity

Reading ChEMBL…

References

[1]Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) · Public domain (US NLM) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[2]European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) · ECHA legal notice: reuse with acknowledgement · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[3]Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[4]SpectraBase · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[5]MassBank Europe · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[6]MassBank of North America (MoNA) · CC BY 4.0 · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[7]NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
·Calculated values: computed by Athanor with RDKit 2026.09 from the structure.
·Literature on PubChem

Data last updated 2026-10-14.

Similar structures

Tanimoto similarity on Morgan fingerprints (radius 2) with RDKit 2026.09, at least 45%.