Athanor by arbastro
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For professors and TAs

Problem banks for your syllabus

Pick a topic and Athanor fills a problem set with problems for it. Each problem has an answer key computed by Athanor’s chemistry engine, every student can get a different version, and grading is automatic. Free for you and your students.

General chemistry

Atomic structure

  • Electron configuration · Short answerWrite a ground-state electron configuration.
  • Valence electrons · Number with unitsCount the valence electrons of a main-group element.
  • Protons, neutrons and electrons · Fill in the blanksFill in the numbers of subatomic particles; each student gets their own isotope.
  • Rank by valence electrons · Put in orderRank elements by their valence electrons, marking the ties.

Gases

  • Ideal gas law · Number with unitsFind a gas volume with PV = nRT.
  • Gas laws: true or false · True or falseMark statements about gases true or false, and correct the false ones.
  • Rearranging the ideal gas law · FormulaSolve PV = nRT for one of its variables, typed as a formula.
  • Root-mean-square speed · FormulaWrite the rms speed of a gas, or solve it for temperature.

Acids and bases

  • pH of a strong acid or base · Number with unitspH from the concentration of a strong acid or base.
  • Acids, bases and amphiprotic species · Venn diagramSort species by whether they can donate a proton, accept one, both or neither.
  • pH of a strong acid or base · Fill in the blanksFill in [H₃O⁺], pOH and pH for a strong acid or base.

Stoichiometry

  • Mass from moles · Number with unitsConvert an amount in moles to a mass.
  • Moles from mass · Number with unitsConvert a mass to an amount in moles.
  • Percent composition · Number with unitsMass percent of one element in a compound.

Solutions

  • Molarity of a solution · Number with unitsConcentration from a mass of solute and a volume.
  • Dilution · Number with unitsUse C₁V₁ = C₂V₂ to find a stock volume.

Chemical bonding

  • Ionic or molecular · Sort into categoriesSort substances by the bonding that holds them together.

Kinetics

  • Integrated rate laws · FormulaWrite a half-life or a time from an integrated rate law as a formula.

Nomenclature

  • Polyatomic ions · MatchingMatch polyatomic ion names to their formulas.

Reactions

  • Oxidized or reduced · Fill in the blanksChoose what is oxidized, what is reduced and which is the reducing agent in a displacement reaction.

Organic chemistry

Mechanisms

  • SN2 mechanism · Mechanism with curly arrowsCurved arrows for a nucleophile displacing a halide from a primary carbon.
  • E2 mechanism · Mechanism with curly arrowsCurved arrows for a strong base eliminating HX to give an alkene.
  • Proton transfer mechanism · Mechanism with curly arrowsCurved arrows for an acid-base reaction, one step.
  • Cyanohydrin formation mechanism · Mechanism with curly arrowsCyanide adds to an aldehyde or ketone, then HCN protonates the alkoxide: two steps.
  • Hydride addition mechanism · Mechanism with curly arrowsHydride from NaBH₄ adds to an aldehyde or ketone, then ethanol protonates the alkoxide: two steps.
  • SN1 mechanism · Mechanism with curly arrowsA tertiary halide ionizes, the solvent adds to the carbocation, the oxonium ion loses a proton.
  • SN1 with a hydride shift · Mechanism with curly arrowsSN1 through a secondary carbocation that rearranges by a 1,2-hydride shift.
  • E1 mechanism · Mechanism with curly arrowsA tertiary halide ionizes, then the solvent takes a β proton to give the alkene.
  • E1 with a hydride shift · Mechanism with curly arrowsE1 through a secondary carbocation that rearranges by a 1,2-hydride shift.

Retrosynthesis

  • Retrosynthesis: the starting material · RetrosynthesisGiven a product and its reagent, draw what it was made from.
  • Retrosynthesis: disconnect an ester · RetrosynthesisDisconnect an ester into the carboxylic acid and alcohol of a Fischer esterification.
  • Retrosynthesis: plan a Williamson ether · RetrosynthesisPick the disconnection of an ether that works by SN2: alkoxide plus the less hindered halide.
  • Retrosynthesis: Grignard disconnection · RetrosynthesisDisconnect an alcohol into an aldehyde or ketone and a Grignard reagent.
  • Retrosynthesis: a ketone in two steps · RetrosynthesisTake a ketone back to a secondary alcohol, then to an aldehyde and a Grignard reagent.

Structure and nomenclature

  • Draw from a name · Draw a structureDraw the structure a name describes.
  • Molecular formula · Short answerGive the molecular formula of a drawn structure.
  • Degrees of unsaturation · Number with unitsRings plus π bonds from a formula or a structure.
  • Functional groups · MatchingMatch each compound to its functional group.

Reactions

  • Predict the product · Draw a structureDraw the product of a named reagent on a given substrate.
  • SN1 or SN2 · Fill in the blanksChoose the mechanism of a substitution and what follows from it.

Acids and bases

  • Rank by acidity · Put in orderOrder acids from strongest to weakest.

Stereochemistry

  • Count the stereocenters · Number with unitsHow many stereocenters a drawn molecule has.

Biochemistry

Central dogma

  • Transcribe DNA to mRNA · Short answerThe mRNA made from a template strand.
  • Translate mRNA · Short answerThe peptide an mRNA codes for.

Proteins

  • Draw a peptide · Draw a structureDraw a short peptide from its sequence.
  • Net charge of a peptide · Number with unitsNet charge at a given pH from side-chain pKa values.

Biomolecules

  • Classes of biomolecules · Sort into categoriesSort molecules into carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.

Enzyme kinetics

  • Michaelis–Menten rate · Number with unitsInitial rate from Vmax, Km and [S].

Biology

Cell structure

  • Organelle functions · Multiple choiceMatch a function to its organelle.
  • Organelles and their jobs · MatchingMatch each organelle to what it does.
  • Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells · Venn diagramPlace cell features in a Venn diagram of bacteria and eukaryotic (or plant and animal) cells.

Central dogma

  • DNA and gene expression: true or false · True or falseMark statements about DNA, transcription and translation true or false, and correct the false ones.
  • The central dogma · Fill in the blanksComplete a passage on replication, transcription and translation.

Cell cycle

  • Stages of mitosis · Put in orderPut the stages of mitosis in order.

Cell size

  • Surface area to volume · Number with unitsSurface area to volume ratio of a cube-shaped cell.

Membranes

  • Osmosis and tonicity · Fill in the blanksChoose what happens to a cell in a hypertonic, hypotonic or isotonic solution.

Microscopy

  • Magnification · Number with unitsActual size from an image and a magnification.

Genetics

Mendelian inheritance

  • Monohybrid cross · Multiple choiceThe phenotype ratio of a one-gene cross.
  • Dihybrid probability · Number with unitsProbability of a genotype class in an AaBb cross.

Population genetics

  • Hardy–Weinberg · Number with unitsCarrier frequency from a recessive phenotype frequency.
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