Acridine
Athanor · official
C13H9N · 179.22 g/mol
Also called dibenzopyridine, acridin
WarningHarmful if swallowed · Harmful in contact with skin · Causes skin irritation · Causes serious eye irritation · Harmful if inhaled · May cause respiratory irritationNames and identifiers
- IUPAC name
- acridine
- Synonyms
- dibenzopyridine, acridin, 9-Azaanthracene
+ 36 more
10-Azaanthracene, 2,3-Benzoquinoline, Acrydine, Akridin, Dibenzo[b,e]pyridine, Benzo(b)quinoline, Dibenzo(b,e)pyridine, 2,3,5,6-Dibenzopyridine, Benzo[b]quinoline, Akridin [Czech], NSC 3408, NSC-3408, CCRIS 1636, HSDB 634, EINECS 205-971-6, UNII-42NI1P5Q1X, UN2713, BRN 0120200, 42NI1P5Q1X, CHEBI:36420, AI3-15279, ACRIDINE [MI], DTXSID8059766, 5-20-08-00199 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), UN 2713, DIBENZO (B,E) PYRIDINE, DIBENZO [B,E] PYRIDINE, Aceridine, 9Azaanthracene, 10Azaanthracene, 2,3Benzoquinoline, 9-ASAANTHRACENE, RefChem:109388, 2,3,5,6Dibenzopyridine, BENZO (B) QUINOLINE, DIBENZO(B,C)PYRIDINE
- Molecular formula
- C13H9N
- Empirical formula
- C13H9N
- Molecular weight
- 179.22 g/mol
- Exact mass
- 179.07350
- CAS number
- 260-94-6
- PubChem CID
- 9215
- Canonical SMILES
- C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=C3C=CC=CC3=N2
- Isomeric SMILES
- C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=C3C=CC=CC3=N2
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C13H9N/c1-3-7-12-10(5-1)9-11-6-2-4-8-13(11)14-12/h1-9H
- InChIKey
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- Molfile
Names, InChI and the identifiers from PubChem, retrieved 2026-10-14.
Physical properties
TemperaturePressureDensity
- Appearance
- Small colorless needle-like crystalline solid. Slightly soluble in hot water. Slightly denser than water. Contact may irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Sublimes before melting when heated. May be toxic by ingestion.[1]
4 values
From CAMEO Chemicals, the most authoritative source here.
Value As written Source –shown Small colorless needle-like crystalline solid. Slightly soluble in hot water. Slightly denser than water. Contact may irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Sublimes before melting when heated. May be toxic by ingestion. [1] CAMEO Chemicals – Small colorless needle-like crystalline solid. [2] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) – SMALL COLORLESS NEEDLES [3] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Lewis, R.J., Sr (Ed.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 12th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Rheinhold Co., 1993, p. 17 – SMALL, COLORLESS OR FAINTLY YELLOW CRYSTALS [3] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Stockley, I.H. Drug Interactions. Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1981., p. 49 - Melting point
- 107 to 110 °C (225 to 230 °F, NTP 1992)[1]
2 values
2 of 2 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source 107 to 110 °Cshown 225 to 230 °F (NTP, 1992) [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. 107 to 110 °C 225-230 °F [2] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - Boiling point
- 346 °C (655 °F) at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)[1]
2 values
2 of 2 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source 346 °Cshown 655 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992) [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. 346 °C 655 °F [2] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - Density
- 1.2 at 20 °C (68 °F) (approx.) (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water[1]
2 values
2 of 2 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source –shown 1.2 at 68 °F (approx.) (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. – 1.2 [2] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) - Solubility in water
- In water= 38.4 mg/L at 24 °C.[3]
- log P
- Log P= 3.40[3]
- pKa
- pKa= 5.45 at 15 °C (conjugate acid)[3]
- Vapor pressure
- 1 MM HG @ 129 °C[3]
3 values
2 of 2 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source 1 mmHg 1 mmHg at 255.9 °F (NTP, 1992) [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. 0.000135 mmHg Vapor pressure= 1.35X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C /extrapolated from experimentally-derived coefficients/ [3] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Perry RH, Green D; Perry's Chemical Handbook. Physical and Chemical Data. NY,NY: McGraw Hill. 6th ed. (1984) 1 mmHgshown 1 MM HG @ 129 °C [3] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Stockley, I.H. Drug Interactions. Boston: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1981., p. 49
Each value as its source reports it, with the source's number after it (listed under References). Where several sources report a property, the row shows the value most of them agree on, the rule the app uses; open the values to see every one.
Calculated
- Heavy atoms
- 14
- Rings
- 3
- Aromatic rings
- 3
- Fraction sp³ carbons (Fsp3)
- 0
- H-bond donors
- 0
- H-bond acceptors
- 1
- Rotatable bonds
- 0
- TPSA (Ų)
- 12.9
- Formal charge
- 0
- XLogP3
- 3.4 PubChem
- Complexity
- 181 PubChem
- Stereocenters
- None
- Double-bond geometry
- None specified
- Point group
- C2v of one 3D conformer with its hydrogens, by Athanor’s engine (as in the app)
Elemental analysis
- C87.12%
- H5.06%
- N7.82%
Isotope pattern
Each peak is a nominal mass with its abundance-weighted exact mass, as a percentage of the tallest, from IUPAC natural isotope abundances.
Computed from the structure with RDKit 2026.09 when this page was built, beside PubChem's own computed values from its record; where the two differ, both are shown.
Predicted
- log P
- 3.39 Crippen (Wildman and Crippen 1999)
- log S (water solubility)
- -3.83 ESOL (Delaney 2004), log mol/L
- Synthetic accessibility
- 1.46 SA score, 1 easy to 10 hard (Ertl and Schuffenhauer 2009)
Drug-likeness: Lipinski’s rule of five
- Molecular weight ≤ 500: 179.22
- log P ≤ 5 (Crippen): 3.39
- H-bond donors ≤ 5: 0
- H-bond acceptors ≤ 10: 1
Passes all four rules.
¹³C NMR shifts, predicted
Predictions, not measurements; each names its method. A measured log P, where a source reports one, is under Physical properties.
Safety
Warning
Most widely reported: 50 company reports to ECHA. Source [4].
- Harmful or irritant
- H302Harmful if swallowed (94% of reports)
- H312Harmful in contact with skin (10% of reports)
- H315Causes skin irritation (18% of reports)
- H319Causes serious eye irritation (16% of reports)
- H332Harmful if inhaled (10% of reports)
- H335May cause respiratory irritation (22% of reports)
Precautionary statements: P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, P501
Exposure limits
First aid
- Eyes: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. Immediately transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. Skin: Immediately flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.[1]
- General First Aid: · Call 911 or emergency medical service. · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination. · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely. · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. · If victim is not breathing: -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance. -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped…[5]
Storage
- ...materials which ARE toxic AS stored OR which CAN decompose INTO toxic components...should BE stored IN A COOL, WELL ventilated place, OUT OF THE direct RAYS OF THE SUN, AWAY FROM areas OF HIGH FIRE hazard, AND should BE periodically inspected. Incompatible materials should BE isolated...[3]
Safety data sheets on the supplier’s page: RR Scientific, Sigma-Aldrich, CATO Research Chemicals Inc..
Always read the supplier’s safety data sheet before working with it.
Spectra
- NMRHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) · NMRShiftDB
- 1H NMRHuman Metabolome Database (HMDB) (JEOL · 90 MHz · CDCl3) · SpectraBase (BRUKER AC-300)
- 13C NMRHuman Metabolome Database (HMDB) (Varian · 25.16 MHz · CDCl3) · SpectraBase
- 15N NMRSpectraBase
- GC-MSMassBank of North America (MoNA) (VARIAN MAT-44 · EI-B · positive) · MassBank of North America (MoNA) (HITACHI RMU-7L · EI-B · positive) · MassBank of North America (MoNA) (HITACHI M-80 · EI-B · positive) · NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center · NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center · NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
- MS-MSHuman Metabolome Database (HMDB) (Positive) · Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) (Positive) · Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) (Positive) · Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) (Positive) · Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) (Positive) · Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) (Positive)
- LC-MSMassBank Europe (Bruker maXis Impact · LC-ESI-QTOF · POSITIVE) · MassBank Europe (Bruker maXis Impact · LC-ESI-QTOF · POSITIVE) · MassBank Europe (Bruker maXis Impact · LC-ESI-QTOF · POSITIVE) · MassBank Europe (Bruker maXis Impact · LC-ESI-QTOF · POSITIVE) · MassBank Europe (Bruker maXis Impact · LC-ESI-QTOF · POSITIVE) · MassBank Europe (Bruker maXis Impact · LC-ESI-QTOF · POSITIVE)
- Other MSHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) · MassBank Europe (VARIAN MAT-44 · EI-B · POSITIVE) · MassBank Europe (HITACHI RMU-7L · EI-B · POSITIVE) · MassBank Europe (HITACHI M-80 · EI-B · POSITIVE) · MassBank Europe (LTQ Orbitrap XL Thermo Scientific · ESI-ITFT · POSITIVE) · MassBank Europe (LTQ Orbitrap XL Thermo Scientific · APCI-ITFT · POSITIVE)
- UVHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- IRHazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- FTIRSpectraBase (KBr WAFER)
- ATR-IRSpectraBase (Bruker Tensor 27 FT-IR · ATR-Neat (DuraSamplIR II))
- Vapor Phase IRSpectraBase (DIGILAB FTS-14 · Vapor Phase)
- RamanSpectraBase (Bruker MultiRAM Stand Alone FT-Raman Spectrometer · FT-Raman)
Experimental spectra held by these sources; each link opens the source's own record.
Literature
Reading PubChem, OpenAlex and GSRS…
Bioactivity
Reading ChEMBL…
References
- [1]CAMEO Chemicals · Public domain (NOAA) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [2]Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) · Public domain (US DOL) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [3]Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) · Public domain (US NLM) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [4]European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) · ECHA legal notice: reuse with acknowledgement · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [5]Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) · Public domain (US DOT) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [6]NMRShiftDB · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [7]Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [8]SpectraBase · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [9]MassBank of North America (MoNA) · CC BY 4.0 · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [10]NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- [11]MassBank Europe · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
- ·Calculated values: computed by Athanor with RDKit 2026.09 from the structure.
- ·Literature on PubChem
Data last updated 2026-10-14.