Tetrahydrofuran

Athanor · official

C₄H₈O · 72.11 g/mol

IUPAC name: oxolane

Also called THF, oxolane, tetramethylene oxide

Solvents Rings

Open in Athanor

Drawn from its SMILES with RDKit

DangerHighly Flammable liquid and vapor · Causes serious eye irritation · May cause respiratory irritation · Suspected of causing cancer

Names and identifiers

IUPAC name: oxolane
Synonyms: THF, oxolane, tetramethylene oxide
+ 37 more
Oxolane, Furanidine, Furan, tetrahydro-, Tetramethylene oxide, Hydrofuran, Oxacyclopentane, 1,4-Epoxybutane, Tetrahydrofuranne, Tetraidrofurano, Tetrahydrofuraan, Cyclotetramethylene oxide, Agrisynth THF, Butane, 1,4-epoxy-, RCRA waste number U213, Butane, alpha,delta-oxide, DTXSID1021328, NCI-C60560, Butane alpha,delta-oxide, 3N8FZZ6PY4, NSC-57858, DTXCID501328, CHEBI:26911, RefChem:932807, 203-726-8, Diethylene oxide, Butylene oxide, Tetrahydrofurane, tetrahydro-furan, Cyclotetramethylene, NSC 57858, Butane .alpha.,.delta.-oxide, MFCD00005356, Tetrahydrofuran(THF), Tetrahydrofuran, anhydrous, tetrahydofurane, Tetrahydrofuraan [Dutch], Tetraidrofurano [Italian]
Molecular formula: C₄H₈O
Empirical formula: C₄H₈O
Molecular weight: 72.11 g/mol
Exact mass: 72.05751
CAS number: 109-99-9
PubChem CID: 8028
Canonical SMILES: C1CCOC1
Isomeric SMILES: C1CCOC1
InChI: InChI=1S/C4H8O/c1-2-4-5-3-1/h1-4H2
InChIKey: WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molfile

Names, InChI and the identifiers from PubChem, retrieved 2026-10-14.

Physical properties

TemperaturePressureDensity

Appearance: Colorless liquid[6]
8 values
From Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB), the most authoritative source here.
Value As written Source
– Tetrahydrofuran appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ethereal odor. Less dense than water. Flash point 6 °F. Vapors are heavier than air. [1] CAMEO Chemicals
– Dry Powder; Liquid [2] EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
– COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR. [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
– Colorless liquid with an ether-like odor. [4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
– Colorless liquid with an ether-like odor. [5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
– Colorless, mobile liquid [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. V3: 3396
– Water-white liquid [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Lewis, R.J. Sr.; Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary 15th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, NY 2007., p. 1221
–shown Colorless liquid [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
Odor: Ether-like odor[6]
2 values
From Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB), the most authoritative source here.
Value As written Source
–shown Ether-like odor [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
– FAINT FRUITY ODOR [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
Melting point: -108.44 °C[7]
5 values
5 of 5 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source
−108.5 °C -163.3 °F (NTP, 1992) [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
−108.5 °C -108.5 °C [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
−108.5 °C -163.3 °F [4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
−108.4 °Cshown -108.44 °C [7] PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
−108 °C -163 °F [5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Boiling point: 66 °C (151 °F) at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)[1]
5 values
5 of 5 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source
66 °Cshown 151 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992) [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
66 °C 66 °C [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
66 °C 151 °F [4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
65 °C 65 °C @760 [mm Hg] [7] PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
66 °C 151 °F [5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Density: 0.8833 @25 °C[7]
5 values
5 of 5 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source
– 0.888 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
– Relative density (water = 1): 0.89 [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
– 0.89 [4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
–shown 0.8833 @25 °C [7] PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
– 0.89 [5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
3 more values were reported but failed the checks (unreadable or out of range), so they are not shown.
Solubility in water: Solubility in water: freely soluble[3]
6 values
From ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs), the most authoritative source here.
Value As written Source
– greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992) [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
– Very soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, ethanol, and chloroform [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V3: 2868
– 30% IN WATER AT 25 °C [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites International Labour Office. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety. Vols. I&II. Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office, 1983., p. 2164
– Miscible in water at 25 °C [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Riddick, J.A., W.B. Bunger, Sakano T.K. Techniques of Chemistry 4th ed., Volume II. Organic Solvents. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons., 1985., p. 309
–shown Solubility in water: freely soluble [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
– Miscible [5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
log P: 0.46 (estimated)[3]
2 values
2 of 2 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source
– log Kow = 0.46 [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Hansch, C., Leo, A., D. Hoekman. Exploring QSAR - Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., 1995., p. 9
–shown 0.46 (estimated) [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
pKa: pKa = -2.08[6]
Vapor pressure: 145 mmHg at 20 °C (68 °F, NTP 1992)[1]
6 values
2 of 4 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source
114 mmHg 114 mmHg at 59 °F [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
145 mmHgshown 145 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992) [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
46 mmHg Vapor pressure = 0.06 atm at 0 °C, 0.11 atm at 10 °C, 0.173 atm at 20 °C, 0.26 atm at 30 °C [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. Volumes 1-2. 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, NY. 2001, p. 1972
162 mmHg 1.62X10+2 mm Hg at 25 °C [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Daubert, T.E., R.P. Danner. Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals Data Compilation. Washington, D.C.: Taylor and Francis, 1989.
140 mmHg Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 19.3 [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
75 mmHg 75 [mm Hg] @9 °C [7] PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
2 more values were reported but failed the checks (unreadable or out of range), so they are not shown.
Flash point: -14.5 °C c.c.[3]
6 values
5 of 5 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source
−14 °C 6 °F (NTP, 1992) [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
−14 °C 6 °F (closed cup) [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
−20 °C -4 °F (open cup) [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
−14.5 °Cshown -14.5 °C c.c. [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
−14 °C 6 °F [4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
−14 °C 6 °F [5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Autoignition temperature: 321 °C[3]
3 values
3 of 3 sources agree on it (most common value).
Value As written Source
321 °C 610 °F (USCG, 1999) [1] CAMEO Chemicalscites U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
321 °C 321 °C (610 °F) [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites National Fire Protection Association; Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 14TH Edition, Quincy, MA 2010, p. 325-106
321 °Cshown 321 °C [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Viscosity: 0.5 mPa*s at 20 °C[3]
2 values
Sources disagree; from ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs), the most authoritative.
Value As written Source
– 0.53 cP at 20 °C [6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Flick, E.W. (ed.). Industrial Solvents Handbook 4 th ed. Noyes Data Corporation., Park Ridge, NJ., 1991., p. 536
–shown 0.5 mPa*s at 20 °C [3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Value	As written	Source
–	Tetrahydrofuran appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ethereal odor. Less dense than water. Flash point 6 °F. Vapors are heavier than air.	[1] CAMEO Chemicals
–	Dry Powder; Liquid	[2] EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
–	COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
–	Colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.	[4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
–	Colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.	[5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
–	Colorless, mobile liquid	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. V3: 3396
–	Water-white liquid	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Lewis, R.J. Sr.; Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary 15th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, NY 2007., p. 1221
–shown	Colorless liquid	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)

Value	As written	Source
–shown	Ether-like odor	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites NIOSH. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards & Other Databases CD-ROM. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2005-151 (2005)
–	FAINT FRUITY ODOR	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.

Value	As written	Source
−108.5 °C	-163.3 °F (NTP, 1992)	[1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
−108.5 °C	-108.5 °C	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
−108.5 °C	-163.3 °F	[4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
−108.4 °Cshown	-108.44 °C	[7] PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
−108 °C	-163 °F	[5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Value	As written	Source
66 °Cshown	151 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)	[1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
66 °C	66 °C	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
66 °C	151 °F	[4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
65 °C	65 °C @760 [mm Hg]	[7] PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
66 °C	151 °F	[5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Value	As written	Source
–	0.888 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water	[1] CAMEO Chemicalscites U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
–	Relative density (water = 1): 0.89	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
–	0.89	[4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
–shown	0.8833 @25 °C	[7] PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
–	0.89	[5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Value	As written	Source
–	greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)	[1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
–	Very soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, ethanol, and chloroform	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Lide, D.R., G.W.A. Milne (eds.). Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volume I. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton ,FL. 1994., p. V3: 2868
–	30% IN WATER AT 25 °C	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites International Labour Office. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety. Vols. I&II. Geneva, Switzerland: International Labour Office, 1983., p. 2164
–	Miscible in water at 25 °C	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Riddick, J.A., W.B. Bunger, Sakano T.K. Techniques of Chemistry 4th ed., Volume II. Organic Solvents. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons., 1985., p. 309
–shown	Solubility in water: freely soluble	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
–	Miscible	[5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Value	As written	Source
–	log Kow = 0.46	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Hansch, C., Leo, A., D. Hoekman. Exploring QSAR - Hydrophobic, Electronic, and Steric Constants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society., 1995., p. 9
–shown	0.46 (estimated)	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Value	As written	Source
114 mmHg	114 mmHg at 59 °F	[1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
145 mmHgshown	145 mmHg at 68 °F (NTP, 1992)	[1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
46 mmHg	Vapor pressure = 0.06 atm at 0 °C, 0.11 atm at 10 °C, 0.173 atm at 20 °C, 0.26 atm at 30 °C	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. Volumes 1-2. 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons. New York, NY. 2001, p. 1972
162 mmHg	1.62X10+2 mm Hg at 25 °C	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Daubert, T.E., R.P. Danner. Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Chemicals Data Compilation. Washington, D.C.: Taylor and Francis, 1989.
140 mmHg	Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 19.3	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
75 mmHg	75 [mm Hg] @9 °C	[7] PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy

Value	As written	Source
−14 °C	6 °F (NTP, 1992)	[1] CAMEO Chemicalscites National Toxicology Program, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NTP). 1992. National Toxicology Program Chemical Repository Database. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
−14 °C	6 °F (closed cup)	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
−20 °C	-4 °F (open cup)	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites U.S. Coast Guard, Department of Transportation. CHRIS - Hazardous Chemical Data. Volume II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984-5.
−14.5 °Cshown	-14.5 °C c.c.	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
−14 °C	6 °F	[4] Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
−14 °C	6 °F	[5] The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Value	As written	Source
321 °C	610 °F (USCG, 1999)	[1] CAMEO Chemicalscites U.S. Coast Guard. 1999. Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS) - Hazardous Chemical Data. Commandant Instruction 16465.12C. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
321 °C	321 °C (610 °F)	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites National Fire Protection Association; Fire Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials. 14TH Edition, Quincy, MA 2010, p. 325-106
321 °Cshown	321 °C	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Value	As written	Source
–	0.53 cP at 20 °C	[6] Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)cites Flick, E.W. (ed.). Industrial Solvents Handbook 4 th ed. Noyes Data Corporation., Park Ridge, NJ., 1991., p. 536
–shown	0.5 mPa*s at 20 °C	[3] ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Each value as its source reports it, with the source's number after it (listed under References). Where several sources report a property, the row shows the value most of them agree on, the rule the app uses; open the values to see every one.

Calculated

Heavy atoms: 5
Rings: 1
Aromatic rings: 0
Fraction sp³ carbons (Fsp3): 1
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 1
Rotatable bonds: 0
TPSA (Å²): 9.2
Formal charge: 0
XLogP3: 0.5 PubChem
Complexity: 22 PubChem
Stereocenters: None
Double-bond geometry: None specified
Point group: C2 of one 3D conformer with its hydrogens, by Athanor’s engine (as in the app)

Elemental analysis

C66.63%
H11.18%
O22.19%

Isotope pattern

Each peak is a nominal mass with its abundance-weighted exact mass, as a percentage of the tallest, from IUPAC natural isotope abundances.

Computed from the structure with RDKit 2026.09 when this page was built, beside PubChem's own computed values from its record; where the two differ, both are shown.

Predicted

log P: 0.8 Crippen (Wildman and Crippen 1999)
log S (water solubility): -0.79 ESOL (Delaney 2004), log mol/L
Synthetic accessibility: 2.03 SA score, 1 easy to 10 hard (Ertl and Schuffenhauer 2009)

Drug-likeness: Lipinski’s rule of five

Molecular weight ≤ 500: 72.11
log P ≤ 5 (Crippen): 0.8
H-bond donors ≤ 5: 0
H-bond acceptors ≤ 10: 1

Passes all four rules.

¹³C NMR shifts, predicted

Predictions, not measurements; each names its method. A measured log P, where a source reports one, is under Physical properties.

Safety

Danger

Harmonized EU classification (CLP Annex VI). Source [8].

Flammable
Harmful or irritant
Health hazard

NFPA 704[6]

H225Highly Flammable liquid and vapor
H319Causes serious eye irritation
H335May cause respiratory irritation
H351Suspected of causing cancer

Precautionary statements: P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264+P265, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, P501

View all classifications (3)

[8] Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council · DangerH225, H319, H335, H351
[9] European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.1% (2 of 1661) of reports.
[9] European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) · 1,661 reports · DangerH225, H302, H319, H335, H336, H351

Exposure limits

PEL-TWA (8-Hour Time Weighted Average): 200 ppm (590 mg/m³)[4]
PEL: TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) See Appendix G[5]
REL-STEL (Short Term Exposure Limit): 250 ppm (735 mg/m³)[4]
REL: TWA 200 ppm (590 mg/m3) ST 250 ppm (735 mg/m3)[5]
TLV: 50 ppm as TWA; 100 ppm as STEL; (skin); A3 (confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans).[3]
TLV-TWA (Time Weighted Average): 50 ppm [2002][4]

First aid

Eyes: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. Immediately transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. Skin: Immediately flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.[1]
General First Aid: · Call 911 or emergency medical service. · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination. · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely. · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. · If victim is not breathing: -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance. -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped…[10]
(General first aid procedures) Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Skin: Water flush promptly - If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly.[5]
Fresh air, rest. Refer immediately for medical attention.[3]

Storage

Fireproof. Well closed. Separated from : See Chemical Dangers.[3]
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Store away from heat, oxidizing materials, and sunlight. Outside or detached storage is preferred. Inside storage should be in a standard flammable liquids storage warehouse, room, or cabinet.[6]
Purified tetrahydrofuran should not be stored for more than a few months after its container has been opened if it contains no oxidation inhibitor. In this case, it is potentially explosive because of peroxide formation.[6]
NO open flames, NO sparks, and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling.[6]

Incompatibilities

Reacts with lithium tetrahydroaluminate or borane to form explosive hydrogen gas. Violent reaction with metal halides (e.g., hafnium tetrachloride, titanium tetrachloride, zirconium tetrachloride). Vigorous reaction with bromine, calcium hydride + heat. Can react with oxidizing materials.[6]
An attempt to remove peroxides (from tetrahydrofuran) by shaking with solid ferrous sulfate before distillation did not prevent explosion of the distillation residue. Alkali treatment to destroy peroxides appears not to be safe.[6]
Tetrahydrofuran had been dried over the aluminate and then stored over calcium hydride for 2 yr to prevent peroxide formation. Subsequent addition of more aluminate caused a strong exotherm and ignition of liberated hydrogen.[6]
During synthesis of sodium tetrahydroaluminate from its elements in tetrahydrofuran, a violent explosion occurred when absorption of hydrogen had stopped. This was attributed to deposition of solid above the liquid level, overheating and reaction with solvent to give butoxyaluminohydrides. Vigorous stirring and avoiding overheating are essential.[6]

Safety data sheets on the supplier’s page: Shenghe Chemical, Sigma-Aldrich, Angene Chemical.

Always read the supplier’s safety data sheet before working with it.

Spectra

Experimental spectra held by these sources; each link opens the source's own record.

Literature

Reading PubChem, OpenAlex and GSRS…

Bioactivity

Reading ChEMBL…

References

[1]CAMEO Chemicals · Public domain (NOAA) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[2]EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) · Public domain (US EPA) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[3]ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs) · CC BY 4.0 · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[4]Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) · Public domain (US DOL) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[5]The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) · Public domain (US CDC) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[6]Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) · Public domain (US NLM) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[7]PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy · Public domain (US DOE) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[8]Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council · EU reuse policy, CC BY 4.0 · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[9]European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) · ECHA legal notice: reuse with acknowledgement · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[10]Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) · Public domain (US DOT) · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[11]NMRShiftDB · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[12]Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[13]SpectraBase · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[14]MassBank of North America (MoNA) · CC BY 4.0 · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[15]NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
[16]MassBank Europe · Linked only · via PubChem · retrieved 2026-10-14
·Calculated values: computed by Athanor with RDKit 2026.09 from the structure.
·Literature on PubChem

Data last updated 2026-10-14.